He aha ngā tiwhikete e tika ana kia whiwhi te kaihanga waea ātete-pahū?

• He mea nui a ATEX mō ngā hokohoko i ngā rohe morearea o te EU, engari ehara i te mea koinei anake te tiwhikete he mea nui.
• Ka whakapiki ake a IECEx i te mana whakawhiti-rohe nā te mea e whakamahi ana i ngā whakamātautau me ngā tuhinga tiaki pahūtanga e mōhiotia ana o te ao.
• Me uru ki ngā whakamātautau haumaru ahumahi te tiaki i te whare herehere, te manatoko akomanga pāmahana, te EMC, te pānga, me te pono o te urunga taura.
• Ki ngā kaihoko, he mea nui te QMS a te kaihanga, te whai i ngā whakaritenga, me te whānuitanga tiwhikete, pērā i te tapanga kei runga i te kete.
• Ka taea e te kaiwhakarato pai rawa atu te mahere i te waea ki te rohe tika, te rōpū hau, te akomanga puehu, me te tikanga tāutanga i mua i te whakahua i te utu.

An kaihanga waea ātete pahūtangame arotake ki te whānau paerewa mō ngā wāhi morearea, kaua ko ngā pikitia hua, ko ngā kereme hokohoko rānei. Hei tauira, me rite ngā taputapu ATEX e whakanohoia ana ki ngā hau pahū ki te Directive 2014/34/EU, ko IEC 60079-0 e tautuhi ana i ngā whakaritenga whānui mō ngā taputapu hau pahū, ā, ko IEC 60079-1 e kapi ana i ngā ārai mura. I roto i ngā kaupapa tūturu, ko te whakamātautau haumaru ahumahi te mea e huri ai i tētahi waea āhua pakari hei taputapu haumaru ka taea te whakatakoto. Mena me ātete hoki te kaupapa ki te huarere, he maha ngā kaihoko ka rapu raraunga tiaki urunga pēnei i te IP66, IP67 rānei, ā, mena kei roto te tāutanga i tētahi tipu haruru nui, ka aro nui hoki rātou ki te putanga oro me te mahi hopuoro. Ko te kaihanga e whakaputa ana i te whānuitanga tiwhikete, ngā rekoata whakamātautau, me ngā rohe tono ka penapena i te wā o ngā kaihanga me te whakaiti i te mōrearea tutuki. Ka taea te tūhura i ngā whānau hua e tika ana māwaea ātete pahū, waea ātete huarere, mengā waea ohorere.

He aha ngā tiwhikete e tika ana kia whiwhi te kaihanga waea ātete-pahū?

Ko te puranga tiwhikete tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te mākete ūnga, te whakarōpūtanga o ngā rohe morearea, me te hoahoa hua.

Mō te nuinga o ngā kaihoko ahumahi, ka tīmata te whakautu iti rawa e whakaaetia ana kiTiwhikete ATEXmō Ūropi meIECExmō ngā kaupapa maha-rohe. Ko ATEX te anga ture i te Kotahitanga o Ūropi, ko IECEx ia he pūnaha aromatawai hanganga ā-ao e hangai ana ki ngā paerewa IEC mō ngā hau pahū. Mena ka tāutahia te waea ki Amerika Te Raki, me mārama hoki te kaihanga ki te huarahi ā-rohe i raro i te Ture 500/505 a NEC me ngā whakaritenga a te tinana tiwhikete e pā ana. Arā, kāore e taea e te kaihanga te kī noa he "ātete pahū" ka mutu i reira; me whakaatu e ia te ara tiwhikete tika mō te mana whakahaere e whakaarohia ana.

Mō ngā kaihoko hangarau, kāore te nama tiwhikete i te mea nui atu i tewhānuitangaMe whakaatu e te whānuitanga te taumata tiaki taputapu, te rōpū hau, te rōpū puehu rānei, te akomanga pāmahana, me te rohe tāutanga kua whakaaetia. Kāore e whakaaetia aunoatia te waea kua whai tiwhikete mō te Rohe 2 mō te Rohe 1, ā, kāore hoki te whare kua whai tiwhikete puehu e tika ana mō ngā āhuarangi hau. Ko taua rerekētanga tētahi o ngā hapa rapu rauemi e tino kitea ana i roto i te hokohoko haumaru ahumahi.

I roto i te arotake hoko, ko te pātai tino whai hua ehara i te "He tiwhikete tāu?" engari ko "Ko tēhea paerewa, ko tēhea rohe, ko tēhea rōpū hau, me tēhea akomanga pāmahana?" Mā taua kupu ka akiaki te kaiwhakarato ki te whakarato i tētahi whakautu whai hua. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia e te anga Pākehā ngā kāwai pēnei i te 1, 2, me te 3, ā, me ōrite te tohu hangarau ki te āhua o te tāutanga tuturu. He mea nuikaihanga waea ātete pahūtangaka whakaputa mārama i taua mahere, kaua e huna i muri i tētahi pepa raraunga whānui.

He aha te kore e ranea ai te tiwhikete ATEX anake mō ngā whakamātautau haumaru ahumahi

He mea nui a ATEX, engari kāore e whakakapi i te hōhonutanga whakamātautau, te mana whakahaere hanga, te manatoko tono rānei.

He maha ngā kaihoko e aro ana kiTiwhikete ATEXnā te mea he ngāwari te mōhio, engari ka taea e tēnā te hanga i te whakapono teka. Me tutuki tonu i te waea whaimana ngā whakaritenga mahi o te papaanga: te pānga o te hau waikura, te rehu wai, te wiri, ngā taura roa, me te tukino tangata. Koia te take me whakauru atu ngā whakamātautau haumaru ahumahi i te tikanga tiaki pahūtanga anake. Me kapi hoki te tiaki urunga, te pānga miihini, te whanonga wera, me te mahi EMC.

Hei tauira, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā whakatauranga IP me te tiwhikete rohe morearea. E ai kiISO 20653:2013, ko ngā taumata tiaki mai i ngā mea tauhou, te wai, me te urunga atu ka tautuhia i roto i tētahi huarahi hanganga e āwhina ana i ngā kaihangarau ki te whakataurite i te pakari o te whare herehere. I roto i ngā āhuatanga mahi o te tipu, ka taea e te IP66, te IP67 rānei te whakatau nā te mea ka kore tonu e mahi he taputapu ātete mura e tuku ana i te makuku ki roto i te rūma pito ahakoa he tika tana whakarōpūtanga tiaki pahūtanga. Koia te take me whakauru te pūrongo whakamātautau a te kaihanga i ngā tohu e pā ana ki te pahūtanga me ngā hua pakari taiao.

Mō ngā tīma hokohoko, he māmā noa iho te whai hua o tētahi whakaaro whānui: ki te kore e taea e te kaiwhakarato te whakamārama i te whanaungatanga i waenga i te tiwhikete, te hiri o te whare, me te tikanga tiaki, tera pea he nui rawa te mōrearea mō tētahi wāhi morearea. He maha ngā rahunga ahumahi ehara i te mea nā te ngaro o te tiwhikete, engari nā ngā pokatata tāutanga, ngā repe taura kāore i te tika, ngā hiri pakaru rānei i muri i te tiaki.

Ko te whakamātautau haumaru ahumahi te mea tino kaha ina whakaata i te tono tūturu, ehara i te mea ko te turanga taiwhanga anake. Ka taea e te kaihanga pai te whakamārama i te whanonga o te hua i roto i ngā horopaki whakaurunga taura, te whenua, me te whakatuwheratanga ratonga, nā te mea koinei ngā wāhi e puta pinepine ai te mōrearea i te mara.

Me pēhea te aromatawai i te hanganga waea ātete pahū mō te hōhonutanga o te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga

Ka kitea te hōhonutanga o te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga i roto i te kounga o ngā tuhinga, te whai i ngā whakaritenga, me te hoahoa.

I te aromatawai i tētahikaihanga waea ātete pahūtanga, ehara te tohu kaha rawa atu i te tohu kei te papa o mua. Ko te kounga o te kōnae hangarau. Me whakarato e te kaiwhakarato e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga te tohu hua, ngā tohutoro paerewa, te pai o te rohe, ngā tohutohu tāutanga, ngā here tiaki, me te kaupapa here wāhanga tāpui. Mō ngā kaupapa nui ake, me whakaatu hoki e te kaiwhakarato te uru o te waea ki roto i te pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whānui, pērā i ngā teihana waea ohorere, te whārangi ahumahi, ngā whatunga waea whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e mau ana ki te pakitara rānei.

Ko tētahi huarahi whai hua hei aromatawai i te pakeketanga ko te arotake mēnā he pūnaha whakamātautau me te whakaputa ka taea te whakahoki anō te kaihanga. Ehara te tiwhikete ISO 9001 i te paerewa tiaki pahūtanga, engari he mea whai hua tonu nā te mea e tohu ana i ngā tukanga whakahaere, te whiu mahi whakatikatika, me te whai i ngā mea e tika ana. I roto i ngā taputapu wāhi morearea, he mea nui aua mana whakahaere tukanga nā te mea ka taea e te huringa iti o ngā rauemi, te rerekētanga huihuinga rānei te whakarerekē i te pikinga o te pāmahana, te hiri, te roa rānei. Mō ngā wāhi e hiahia ana kia whakauruhia te haumaru tūmatanui, he maha ngā wā ka pātai ngā tīma hangarau mō te hototahi ki ngā panera whakaoho, ki ngā rerenga mahi waea rānei e hono ana ki te SCADA.

1. Pātaihia te whānuitanga tika o te tiwhikete, kaua ki te pānui i tētahi pukapuka hua whānui.
2. Tirohia mēnā e ōrite ana te tohu hua ki te rohe tāutanga me te akomanga hau, puehu rānei.
3. Manatokohia te whakatauranga IP me te pūtake whakamātautau mō te pānga ki te wai me te puehu.
4. Arotakehia ngā tohutohu tiaki mō te whakakapinga repe, te tirotiro gasket, me ngā tikanga whakatuwheratanga.
5. Whakaūtia kua tuhia ngā wāhanga e manawapa ana me te mana whakahaere whirihoranga mō te huringa ora katoa o te kaupapa.

I roto i ngā mahi hokohoko e hangai ana ki ngā kaupapa, ka taea e tēnei tuhinga te wehewehe i waenga i te whakamātautau whakaae o te wheketere maeneene me te tono whakaroa i te papaanga. Mō ngā kaihoko e hanga ana i ngā whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ohorere,ngā waea ahumahimengā pūnaha wāhitau tūmatanuihe maha ngā wā ka arotakehia ngātahitia nā te mea me waea atu pea te wāhi kotahi ki te rohe, ki ngā whakatūpato pāpāho, me ngā karere whakawātea.

Ko ēhea ngā paerewa me ngā inenga tino hira i roto i ngā kaupapa tūturu kei roto i ngā wāhi morearea?

Ko ngā paerewa tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te mōrearea, engari he rite tonu te arorau ine matua.

Ko ngā kaupapa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero mō ngā wāhi morearea e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā āhuatanga hangarau e toru: te momo tiaki, te roa o te taiao, me te whakamahinga o te pūnaha. Ka whakautua e te momo tiaki mēnā ka taea e te taputapu te noho haumaru i roto i te rohe. Ka whakautua e te roa o te taiao mēnā ka taea tonu te mahi i raro i te ua, te puehu, te wiri, te kohu tote, te huringa wera rānei. Ka whakautua e te whakamahinga mēnā ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i te wā o ngā whakaoho, te haruru, te whakakorenga hiko rānei.

He tohutoro whai hua te anga tiaki pahūtanga IEC, e tautuhi ana i ngā taputapu e ai ki ngā tikanga tiaki me ngā āhuatanga tāutanga. I taua wā, mō te ātete ki te taiao, he maha ngā wā ka titiro ngā kaihoko ki te whakamātautau wai, puehu, me te waikura. I roto i ngā hanganga tūmatanui me ngā wāhi ahumahi, he mea tino nui tēnei nā te mea e tumanakohia ana ka ora te waea i ngā tau maha o te whakamahinga, ehara i te rā whakaaturanga kotahi. Ki te hangai ngā whakamātautau ki ngā tikanga paerewa, ka māmā ake mā ngā tīma hangarau te whakataurite i ngā kaiwhakarato i runga i te whakaaro tika.

Mō ngā taputapu whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i roto i ngā tipu haruru, he rite te hiranga o te mahi oro ki te tiwhikete. Mēnā kāore e taea e te kaiwhakahaere te whakarongo, te whakarongo rānei, tera pea ka tutuki i te pūnaha ngā whakaritenga i runga i te pepa engari kāore e whai hua i roto i te āhuatanga ohorere. Koia te take e whakamātau ai ngā kaihoko mātau i te taputapu i roto i te taiao haruru tūturu i mua i te whakaaetanga whakamutunga.

He aha te āhua o tētahi kete tiwhikete pakari?

Ko tētahi kete tiwhikete kaha e whakakotahi ana i te tutuki i ngā ture, ngā taunakitanga hangarau, me te whakamahinga o te mara.

Ka tākaihia e ngā kaihanga pai rawa atu ā rātou taunakitanga i roto i tētahi huarahi e taea ai e ngā tīma hangarau, HSE, me te hokohoko te arotake tere. Me whakauru ki roto i taua kete te tiwhikete, ngā tohutoro paerewa whakamātautau, te tohu hua, ngā tohutohu tāutanga, te rārangi mahi tiaki, me ngā herenga katoa mō ngā taputapu. Me whakaatu hoki mēnā he mea hanga te taputapu mō te whakairi pakitara, te whakairi papatahi, te whakairi pou, ngā wāhi tiaki o roto rānei. He mea nui ēnei taipitopito nā te mea he tino tairongo ngā taputapu kei ngā wāhi morearea ki te kounga tāutanga.

E ai ki te US National Institute of Standards and Technology,Te kaupapa whai me te ine a te SIhe mea nui mō te hangarau pono me te whakataurite whakamātautau. I roto i te mahi, ko te tikanga me taea e te kaihanga te whakaatu me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā ine pāmahana, ngā whakamātautau urunga, me ngā tirotiro inenga. Mena ka kī tetahi taputapu he whakatauranga motuhake mō te pouaka, he whānuitanga whakahaere rānei, me whai i ngā taunakitanga kei raro, kaua ko ngā kōrero pakiwaitara.

Mō ngā kaihoko o te ao, mā te noho mai o ATEX me IECEx ka taea te whakaiti i te mahi whakahou i te tohu, engari mā ngā whakaaetanga mākete ā-rohe ka taea te whakahaere i te tohatoha. Engari he whai hua anake te whānuitanga o te tohu mēnā ka taea e te kaihanga te pupuri i te mana whakahaere putanga. Mā te papapātuhi, te hiri, te papa rānei kua whakahoutia ka taea te whakaoho i te aromatawai anō, nō reira me pātai ngā kaihoko me pēhea te whakahaere i te mana whakahaere huringa hangarau i roto i te wā.

• Ngā tohutoro tiwhikete me ngā paerewa
• Rohe, rōpū hau, rōpū puehu, me te akomanga pāmahana
• Whakatauranga IP me te whakarāpopototanga whakamātautau taiao
• Ngā tohutohu tāutanga me te tiaki
• Ngā wāhanga e manawapa ana, te urunga taura, me te hototahi ki ngā taputapu
• Kaupapa here whakahaere-huringa mō ngā whakahoutanga hoahoa

Me pēhea te whakataurite a ngā kaihoko i ngā kaiwhakarato me te kore e ngaro i roto i ngā kupu hangarau

Ko te tikanga whakatairite pai rawa atu ko te tuku i ngā tohu ki ngā kaiwhakarato i runga i te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga, te pakari, me te ōrite ki te kaupapa.

Te whakataurite i tētahikaihanga waea ātete pahūtangaHe māmā ake ina whakamahia e te tīma he rārangi arowhai, kaua ki ngā whakaaro whaiaro. Tīmata mā te wehewehe i te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga me ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana. Ko ngā mea e hiahiatia ana ko te tiwhikete tika mō te rohe morearea, te whakatauranga rohe tika, me te taputapu tāutanga tika. Ko ngā mea e hiahiatia ana ko te māramatanga oro pai ake, te tiaki papapātuhi matatau, me te urunga ngāwari ki te tiaki.

Hei tauira, me whakaatu pea e te kaiwhakarato e mahi ana i tētahi kaupapa whakangawari te ārai pahūtanga i te tuatahi, engari me whakaatu pea e te kaiwhakarato mō tētahi taiao waikura i waho o te moana he taunakitanga kaha ake mō te ātete ki te kohu tote me te UV. Tērā pea he nui ake te aro o tētahi kaupapa whare herehere, kauhanga, metro rānei ki te ātete ki ngā kaipahua me te urunga whakahaere i te tiwhikete rohe hau. Kāore e taea e te whānau taputapu kotahi te whakatutuki aunoa i ngā whakamahinga katoa, koia te take he mea nui te mahere tono.

Ina tono wawe ngā kaihoko i ēnei taipitopito, ka whakaitihia te mōrearea o te kaupapa, ka whakapotohia hoki ngā huringa whakaaetanga. He mea nui rawa atu tēnei mō ngā EPC me ngā kaiwhakauru me tuku ngā tuhinga hanganga ture i mua i te tukunga, kaua i muri i te tāutanga.

He aha ngā tiwhikete me ngā mahi anō ka whakanui ake i te whakawhirinaki?

Ka tipu te whakawhirinaki ina taea e te kaihanga te whakaatu i te tikanga tukanga i tua atu i te ārai pahūtanga.

Ahakoa ko ATEX me IECEx ngā tiwhikete matua, he maha ngā mahi tautoko e whakapai ake ana i te whakapono. Ko te whakahaere kounga ISO 9001, te tirotiro hou kua tuhia, te whai i ngā rota, me te whakatikatika whakahaere o ngā taputapu whakamātautau ka whai wāhi katoa ki te pono. Mō ētahi kaupapa, ka tono pea te kaihoko i ngā whakapuakitanga RoHS, REACH rānei mō te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga rauemi, inā koa mēnā he whakaritenga kaweake, he whakaritenga pumau rānei kei roto i te kaupapa. Kāore tētahi o ēnei e whakakapi i te tiwhikete rohe morearea, engari i te wā kotahi ka tohu rātou i tētahi whakahaere hanga kua pakeke.

Ko tētahi atu tohu whai hua ko te whakaputa a te kaiwhakarato i ngā rohe tono mārama. Ka kī te kaihanga pono ki ngā wāhi kāore e tika kia whakamahia te hua, pērā i te rohe teitei ake, i tētahi rōpū hau rerekē, i tētahi akomanga taiao kino ake rānei. He tohu pai tēnei momo aukati nā te mea e whakaata ana i te tikanga hangarau kaua ki te kereme nui rawa.

Mena kei te hanga koe i tētahi pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whakauru, he mea whai hua pea te arotake iwaea kore-ringameNgā waea SIPi te taha o ngā tauira tauwāhi morearea, nā te mea he maha ngā kaupapa ahumahi e whakakotahi ana i te waeatanga ohorere, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tuku, me te whakaurunga whatunga.

Ngā Pātai Auau mō ngā tiwhikete kaihanga waea ātete pahū

1. He rawaka a ATEX mō tētahi kaihanga waea ātete pahū?

He rawaka noa te ATEX mō ngā whakaritenga motuhake o te mākete o te EU, engari he maha ngā kaupapa e hiahia ana kia whakaaetia e te IECEx, e ngā wāhi morearea ā-rohe rānei, me te whakamātautau haumaru ahumahi hoki mō te roa o te mau o te taiao.

2. He aha te tiwhikete tino nui mō ngā kaupapa kaweake?

Ko te IECEx te mea tino whai hua mō ngā kaupapa kaweake nā te mea e tautoko ana i te aromatawai hanganga ture e mōhiotia ana i te ao puta noa i ngā mākete maha.

3. Me whai IP66, IP67 rānei te waea ātete pahū?

Ehara i te mea i raro i te ture i ngā wā katoa, engari he maha ngā wāhi ahumahi e hiahia ana kia kaha te tiaki i ngā taputapu e kore e pahū, nā te mea ka taea e te puehu, te ua, me ngā āhuatanga horoi te whakangaro i ngā taputapu e kore e pahū.

4. He aha ngā paerewa me pātai atu ahau kia kite i tua atu i te ATEX?

Pātaihia te IEC 60079-0, IEC 60079-1 mēnā e kīia ana he hoahoa ātete mura, me ngā tohutoro whakamātautau urunga me te EMC e tika ana.

5. Me pēhea taku mōhio mēnā he haumaru te waea mō te Rohe 1, te Rohe 2 rānei?

Tirohia te tohu taputapu kei runga i te tiwhikete me te pepa raraunga; kāore e taea te whakawhiti i te Rohe 1 me te Rohe 2, ā, me kī tonu te kaihanga i te rohe e whakaaetia ana.

6. He aha te hiranga o ngā tuhinga?

Nā te mea ko ngā taputapu kei ngā wāhi morearea e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā taipitopito tāutanga, ki ngā ture tiaki, me te mana whakahaere putanga, ehara i te taputapu anake.

7. Me aha ahau mēnā he pukapuka iti anake ka tukuna mai e te kaiwhakarato?

Tonoa te tiwhikete, ngā tohutoro paerewa, te pukapuka tāutanga, ngā tohutohu tiaki, me te tohu tika i mua i te neke ki te whakaaetanga hangarau.

Mō te hoko whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i roto i ngā rohe morearea, ko te mea pai rawa atukaihanga waea ātete pahūtangakoinei te mea ka taea te whakaatu i te tutuki i ngā ture, te whakamārama i ngā whakamātautau haumaru ahumahi i roto i te reo māmā, me te whakataurite i te taputapu ki ngā āhuatanga o te papaanga. Mā taua huinga ka whakaiti i ngā whakaroa o te whakatinanatanga, ka tiaki i ngā kaimahi, ā, ka pupuri i te pūnaha kia whai hua i te wā e kino rawa ana te taiao.