Ko ngā taiao hinu me te hau morearea e hiahia ana kia whiwhi whakawhitiwhiti kōrero kua whakamanahia e ATEX. He mahi nui tā ngā waea ahumahi motuhake. Mā rātou e whakarite te haumaru me te whai huatanga o te mahi i roto i ēnei wāhi pōrearea. He nui ngā mōrearea o ngā otinga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero kāore i te rawaka. Ka taea e rātou te arahi ki ngā pakaru kino i roto i ngā hau pahū. HeWaea ATEXe whakarato ana i te tiakitanga nui. Ka whakawhirinaki ngā pakihi kiWaea Ārai Pahūtanga (ATEX)hei ārai i ngā aituā. Ka pupuri ēnei taputapu i ngā hononga nui ina rahua ngā taputapu paerewa.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- He mea nui te tiwhikete ATEX mō ngā waea pūkoro i roto i ngā rohe hinu me te hau. Ka aukati i ngā pahūtanga, ā, ka noho haumaru hoki ngā kaimahi.
- Me whai waea ATEX motuhake ngā wāhi morearea rerekē. Ka whakarōpūtia ēnei wāhi e te hau, te puehu, me te auau o te tūponotanga.
- He huarahi motuhake tā ngā waea ATEX hei ārai i ngā pahūtanga. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā pouaka pakari me te whakawhāiti i te mana hiko.
- He āhuatanga anō hoki ō ngā waea ATEX pai, pērā i ngā whakatauranga IP teitei mō te wai me te puehu. He roa hoki te ora o ā rātou pākahiko, ā, ka hono atu ki ētahi atu pūnaha haumaru.
- Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi waea ATEX ko te tirotiro i ō hiahia, te whiriwhiri i tētahi kaihoko pai, me te whakarite kia tika te tatūnga me te tiaki.
Te Mārama ki te Tiwhikete ATEX mō ngā Waea Hinu me te Hau ATEX
Te Whakamārama i te Tiwhikete ATEX me tōna Whānuitanga
He ture ārahi te tiwhikete ATEX nō te Kotahitanga o Ūropi. E whakamārama ana i ngā whakaritenga mō ngā taputapu me ngā pūnaha tiaki i roto i ngā hau e pāngia ana e te pahūtanga. E whakatakoto ana tēnei ture i ngā paerewa me whai e ngā kaihanga. E whakarite ana i te haumaru o ngā kaimahi, ā, e ārai ana i ngā pahūtanga i roto i ngā taiao morearea i roto i te EU me te UK. Ka whakamatautauria ngā hua e tētahi Rōpū Whakamōhiotia, he rōpū tuatoru motuhake kua tohua e te EU. Ka kohikohi, ka tuku hoki ngā kaihanga i ngā kōnae hangarau, tae atu ki ngā tuhi, ngā tātaitanga haumaru, me ngā aromatawai mōrearea. Kia whakamanahia, ka whiwhi te hua i ngā tohu CE me te Ex. Kātahi ka tukuna he Whakapuakitanga Whakatutukitanga. Ko te tohu 'Ex' e tohu ana i te pai mō ngā hau pahūtanga. Me whakauru atu he kōrero tāpiri, pērā i te kāwai tiaki me te momo hau pahūtanga e whakahaerea ana e ia.
He aha te take kāore e taea te whiriwhiri i te Whakatutukitanga o ATEX
He whakaritenga ture te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga ATEX i roto i te Kotahitanga o Ūropi. E whakahau ana te Ture 2014/34/EU kiangā taputapu mō ngā hau pahūMe tutuki ngā whakaritenga hauora me te haumaru motuhake. Ko te tiwhikete ATEX e whakaatu ana i te tutuki i ēnei ture. Ka noho hei mea ture mō ngā kaihanga me ngā kaiwhakarato e uru ana ki te mākete Pākehā. Mā tēnei anga ka whakarite i te haumaru o ngā taputapu e mahi ana i roto i ngā taiao ka taea te pahū. Ka tiaki i ngā kaimahi me ngā rawa mai i ngā aituā kino. Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi waea ATEX ka whakarite kia tutuki i ēnei paerewa haumaru nui.
Ngā Paerewa Ao: ATEX, IECEx, me ngā Paerewa ōrite o Amerika Te Raki
He rerekē ngā paerewa e whakamahia ana e ngā rohe rerekē mō ngā taputapu mōrearea. He mea whakahau te ATEX i roto i te Kotahitanga o Ūropi. He whakaritenga tēnei mō ngā kamupene e mahi ana, e hoko ana rānei i roto i tēnei rohe. He anga e mōhiotia ana e te ao te IECEx. Ka āwhina i te hokohoko ā-ao mō ngā taputapu mōrearea. Ka whakamahia ngā paerewa o Amerika Te Raki, pērā i te NFPA 70 NEC, i te United States. Ko te OSHA me ngā Taiwhanga Whakamātautau Whakamōhio ā-Motu (NRTL) te kaitiaki o ēnei.
Anei tētahi whakatairite o ēnei paerewa matua:
| Paerewa | Arotahi ki te Whenua | Tikanga Whakarōpūtanga |
|---|---|---|
| ATEX | Te Kotahitanga o Ūropi | Ngā Rohe (0/20, 1/21, 2/22) |
| IECEx | Ao Whānui | Ngā Rohe (he rite ki te ATEX) |
| Amerika ki te Raki (NFPA 70 NEC) | Te Hononga o Amerika | Akomanga/Wāhanga |
Ko te whāinga matua a ATEX me IECEx he whakarite i te haumaru i roto i ngā taiao e mōrearea ana ki ngā pahūtanga. Ko ō rāua rerekētanga matua kei roto i te mōhiotanga ā-whenua me ngā tukanga tiwhikete taipitopito. Ka whakaratohia e IECEx he huarahi pumau, paerewa hoki ki te haumaru taputapu i roto i ngā wāhi morearea. Ka whakatairangahia e tēnei te hokohoko o te ao.
Te Whakarōpū i ngā Wāhi Morearea mō te Kōwhiringa Waea ATEX
Ko te whiriwhiri i te waea ATEX tika me mārama ki ngā whakarōpūtanga o ngā wāhi morearea. Mā ēnei whakarōpūtanga ka tautuhia te taumata mōrearea o te hau pahū. Ka ārahi i te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu e tika ana. He rerekē ngā pūnaha e whakamahia ana e ngā rohe rerekē hei whakarōpū i ēnei wāhi morearea.
Ngā Rohe Hau me te Kohu (0, 1, 2)
Mō ngā hau, ngā kohu, me ngā kohu, ko te whakarōpūtanga o ngā wāhi morearea ki te Rohe 0, Rohe 1, me te Rohe 2 e whakawhirinaki ana ki te auau me te roa o te pahūtanga o te hau. Mā tēnei taumata morearea ka whakatau te rohe motuhake.
- Rohe 0He wāhi e pupuhi tonu ana, e roa rānei te wā. Kei roto i tēnei ko te roto o ngā tāke rokiroki, o ngā puna rānei kei reira ngā wai mura.
- Rohe 1Tērā pea ka puta he hau pahū i ētahi wā i te wā e mahi ana i te nuinga o te wā. Tērā pea ka puta tēnei nā te whakatikatika, te tiaki, te turuturu rānei. Ko ngā wāhi e tata ana ki ngā papu, ngā takirere, ngā flange rānei e ngāwari ana ki te turuturu ka taka ki tēnei kāwai.
- Rohe 2Kāore pea he āhua pahū e puta i te wā e mahi noa ana. Mēnā ka puta, ka roa noa iho te wā e mau tonu ai. Ko ngā rūma papu e pai ana te hau, ko ngā wāhi tipu tuwhera rānei i te taha o ngā taputapu Rohe 1 hei tauira.
Ngā Rohe Puehu (20, 21, 22)
Ka hangaia hoki e ngā puehu mura he taiao morearea. Ka whakarōpūtia ēnei wāhi ki te Rohe 20, te Rohe 21, me te Rohe 22.
- Rohe 20Kei te kitea tonutia, kei te kitea rānei ngā kukū puehu mura, ngā muka rānei, mō ngā wā roa i raro i ngā āhuatanga mahi noa.
- Rohe 21Tērā pea ka puta he kukū o te puehu mura, o ngā muka rānei i ētahi wā i ngā mahi noa. Ka puta pea tēnei i te wā e whakatikatika ana, e tiaki ana, e turuturu ana rānei.
- Rohe 22Kāore pea e puta he kukū o te puehu mura, o ngā muka rānei i raro i ngā tikanga mahi noa. Mēnā ka pērā, ka roa noa iho te mau.
Ngā Wehenga o Amerika Te Raki (Akomanga I, II, III; Wehenga 1, 2)
He rerekē te pūnaha e whakamahia ana e Amerika Te Raki mō ngā wāhi morearea. Ka whakarōpūhia e tēnei pūnaha ngā rohe mā te Akomanga me te Wehenga.
- Akomanga TuatahiKei roto i ēnei wāhi ngā hau mura, ngā kohu rānei. Hei tauira, ko te hauwai, te ātirene, te kohu penehīni, me te methane.
- Akomanga TuaruaKei roto i ēnei wāhi te puehu mura, te puehu kawe hiko rānei. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā puehu whakarewa, te puehu rakau, te puehu waro, me te puehu rauropi.
- Akomanga IIIHe nui ngā muka mura i roto i ēnei wāhi hei tūponotanga ahi. Ko te miro, te harakeke, me te raiona hei tauira.
Haunga te Akomanga, he Wāhanga anō hoki kei ngā wāhi:
- Wāhanga 1He tohu tēnei mō te tūponotanga nui o te mura. Kei te noho tonu te matū kino, i ia wā, i ia wā rānei.
- Wāhanga 2He tohu tēnei he iti noa te tūponotanga o te mura i raro i ngā āhuatanga mahi noa. Tērā pea ka puta ngā ranunga mura nā te turuturu, te maringi, te hē rānei o ngā taputapu.
Te Wetewete i ngā Tawhā Tiaki Waea ATEX
Ko te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu ATEX tika me mārama ki ngā tawhā tiaki motuhake. Mā ēnei tawhā ka taea te whakarite kia mahi haumaru ngā taputapu i roto i ngā taiao morearea. E whakamārama ana i te āhua o te ārai a te taputapu i te mura.
Ngā Whakarōpūtanga Rōpū Hau me te Puehu
Ka whakarōpūhia e ngā paerewa ATEX ngā matū kino ki ngā rōpū motuhake. Mā ēnei rōpū ka whakatau te momo taputapu e tika ana mō tētahi rohe. Ka whakarōpūhia e rātou ngā hau me ngā puehu i runga i ō rātou āhuatanga mura.
Ka whakarōpūhia e ngā paerewa ATEX ngā rōpū hau IIA, IIB, me IIC. Ka ahu mai tēnei i te ngāwari o te mura e te mura hiko. Kei roto i te Rōpū IIC ngā matū pēnei i te hauwai. Koinei te mea tino ngāwari ki te mura. E hiahiatia ana e tēnei rōpū ngā whakaritenga haumaru teitei rawa atu. Ka whakarōpūhia e ngā rōpū puehu IIIA, IIIB, me IIIC ngā puehu e ō rātou āhuatanga. Ka kapihia e ngā Rōpū IIIA me IIIB ngā puehu kore-arataki, pēnei i te puehu paraoa. Ka taea e ēnei te matotoru, te kikokore rānei. Kei roto i te Rōpū IIIC ngā puehu arataki hiko, pēnei i te puehu whakarewa. He tūponotanga nui tēnei nā te mea ka taea e ia te whakararu i ngā ara iahiko poto. Ko ngā taputapu kua whakaaetia mō te Rōpū IIIC ngā whakaritenga tino kaha. He pai hoki ēnei taputapu mō ngā wāhi kei reira ngā puehu IIIA me IIIB.
- Ngā Rōpū Hau (Rōpū II):
- IIC:Te rōpū acetylene me te hauwai.
- IIB:Rōpū Eterine.
- IIA:Rōpū pōropāne (hinu me te hau).
- Ngā Rōpū Puehu (Rōpū III):
- IIIC:Puehu kawe hiko.
- IIIB:Puehu kore-kawe hiko.
- IIIA:Ngā rerenga mura.
Kei roto i te Rōpū II ngā āhuarangi hau pahū. Kei roto i te IIA ngā āhuarangi kei roto te propane, ngā hau/kohu mōrearea rite rānei. Kei roto i te IIB ngā āhuarangi me te ethylene, ngā hau/kohu mōrearea rite rānei. Kei roto i te IIC ngā āhuarangi kei roto te acetylene, te hauwai rānei, ngā hau/kohu mōrearea rite rānei. Kei roto i te Rōpū III ngā āhuarangi puehu pahū. Kei roto i te IIIA ngā āhuarangi me ngā rerenga mura. Kei roto i te IIIB ngā āhuarangi me te puehu kore-arataki. Kei roto i te IIIC ngā āhuarangi me te puehu arataki.
He mea nui te whakataurite i te tiwhikete o ngā taputapu ki te rōpū hau motuhake kei roto i te rohe morearea. Ka whakarōpūhia ngā hau me ngā kohu rerekē ki ngā rōpū hau motuhake i runga i ō rātou āhuatanga. Ko ngā taputapu e tika ana mō tētahi rōpū hau, kāore pea e tika mō tētahi atu. Hei tauira, ko ngā hoahoa taputapu Rōpū I mō ngā taiao keri maina. Ko te Rōpū II mō ngā rohe ahumahi.
| Rōpū ATEX | Whakamāramatanga | Ngā tauira | Ngā Mahi Haumaru mō ngā Waea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rōpū Hau IIA | Ngā hau iti rawa te pahūtanga | Poropana, pūtane | Ngā pouaka ātete mura paerewa |
| Rōpū Hau IIB | Ngā hau pahū āhua | Eterine, MEK | He hiri whakarei ake, he āputa kaha ake |
| Rōpū Hau IIC | Ngā hau tino pahū | Hauwai, ātiretine | Ngā hoahoa ātete mura matatau, ngā taputapu e tū atu ana ki ngā pēhanga teitei |
| Rōpū Puehu IIIB | Ngā puehu kore-arataki | Paraoa, huka, puehu rakau | Ngā ārai taputapu ā-pūngāwerewere, ngā mahi ārai i te kohikohinga puehu |
| Rōpū Puehu IIIC | Ngā puehu kawe hiko | Puehu konumohe, puehu waro | Ngā mahi ārai i ngā utu pūmau, ngā ārai motuhake |
He mea nui ngā whakarōpūtanga ATEX mō ngā rōpū hau me te puehu. Ka āwhina ēnei ki te mārama ki te taumata mōrearea e pā ana ki ngā momo matū i roto i ngā hau pahū. Ka whakarōpūhia e ēnei whakatauranga rōpū ngā matū i runga i tō rātou mura, te kawe hiko, me ētahi atu āhuatanga. Ka pā tika ēnei ki ngā āhuatanga haumaru e hiahiatia ana mō ngā waea kua whakamanahia e ATEX.
Ngā Akomanga Pāmahana (Ngā Whakatauranga-T) mō ngā Waea ATEX
Ko ngā akomanga pāmahana, arā, ko ngā whakatauranga-T, e tohu ana i te pāmahana mata mōrahi ka taea e tētahi taputapu whaimana ATEX te eke. Me noho tonu tēnei pāmahana ki raro iho i te pāmahana mura o te hau morearea e karapoti ana.
- T1te pāmahana mata mōrahi o te 450°C
- T2te pāmahana mata mōrahi: 300°C
- T3te pāmahana mata mōrahi: 200°C
- T4te pāmahana mata mōrahi: 135°C
- T5te pāmahana mata mōrahi 100°C
- T6te pāmahana mata mōrahi o te 85°C
| Akomanga Pāmahana | Te pāmahana mata mōrahi |
|---|---|
| T1 | 450°C |
| T2 | 300°C |
| T3 | 200°C |
| T4 | 135°C |
| T5 | 100°C |
| T6 | 85°C |
Ka pā tika te pāmahana taiao ki te whakatauranga-T e hiahiatia ana mō te waea ATEX. Hei tauira, ko te taputapu i whakataurangahia i te tīmatanga ko te T4 i te pāmahana taiao (Ta) o te 40 °C, ka heke pea tōna akomanga-T ki te T3. Ka puta tēnei mēnā ka piki te pāmahana taiao ki te 60 °C. E tohu ana tēnei ko te teitei ake o te pāmahana taiao me whai whakatauranga akomanga-T iti iho (kāore i te tino pakari) mō taua taputapu anō. Ka heke te pāmahana mata haumaru mōrahi hei ārai i te mura.
Ngā Taumata Tiaki Taputapu (EPL)
Ko ngā Taumata Tiaki Taputapu (EPL) e tautuhi ana i te taumata o te haumaru e whakaratohia ana e ngā taputapu i ngā wāhi morearea. E tohu ana ēnei i te mōrearea o te hurihanga o ngā taputapu hei pūtake mura.
| EPL | Whakamāramatanga | Hototahitanga Rohe | Ngā Āhuatanga Matua |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ga | Te tiakitanga teitei rawa, he haumaru ahakoa ngā hapa e rua i te wā kotahi. | Rohe 0 (kei te mau tonu ngā āhuarangi pahū). | Ka ārai i te mura i raro i ngā āhuatanga katoa; ka mahi haumaru me te pā tonu ki ngā hau pahū. |
| Gb | Te tiakitanga teitei, te haumaru i te wā mahi noa me te hapa kotahi. | Rohe 1 (tērā pea ka pā mai ngā hau pahū i ngā mahi noa). | Haumarutanga whakarei ake mō ngā mōrearea wā-poto; ngā ārai mura me te haumaru ā-roto. |
| Gc | He parenga taketake, he haumaru i te wā e mahi noa ana; tera pea he mahi tāpiri mō ngā āhuatanga hapa. | Rohe 2 (kāore pea e pā te pahūtanga o ngā āhuarangi, he poto noa iho rānei te wā). | He hoahoa mō te iti rawa o te mōrearea; ka taea te whakaweto mēnā he hapa hei ārai i te mura. |
| Ex Da | Te tiakitanga teitei rawa, he haumaru ahakoa ngā hapa e rua i te wā kotahi. | Rohe 20 (e mau tonu ana ngā kapua puehu pahū). | He hoahoa haumaru ā-roto; he ārai hiri hei ārai i te puehu e uru ana. |
| Ex Db | Te tiakitanga teitei, te haumaru i te wā mahi noa me te hapa kotahi. | Rohe 21 (ka puta ngā kapua puehu pahū i ētahi wā). | Ngā ārai puehu ā-pūmau; te whakatakoto whenua tika hei whakakore i te tukunga puehu pateko. |
| Ex Dc | He parenga taketake i ngā āhuatanga noa; kāore pea he pouaka haumaru tāpiri. | Rohe 22 (ka puta poto noa ngā kapua puehu pahū, ā, he onge noa iho). | Te whakaiti i te pāmahana o te mata; te ārai i te tukunga pateko. |
Ngā Tikanga Tiaki Noa (Ex d, Ex ia, Ex e)
Ka whakamahia e ngā kaihanga ngā tikanga tiaki rerekē hei whakariteNgā taputapu whaimana ATEXKa mahi haumaru i ngā wāhi morearea. Ka ārai ēnei tikanga i te mura o ngā hau pahū. Mā te mārama ki ēnei tikanga ka āwhina i te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu tika mō ngā mōrearea motuhake.
Whare Ārai Mumura (Ex d)
He tikanga tiaki pakari ngā whare ārai mura, e mōhiotia ana ko te 'Ex d'. Ka ārai i te pahūtanga mēnā ka puta i roto i te taputapu. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te mura kei horapa ki te hau pahūtanga e karapoti ana. Mā te waea ATEX e whakamahi ana i te tiakitanga Ex d ka taea te pahūtanga o roto. Heoi, kaua te whare e tuku i te pahūtanga kia puta ki waho. E whakaaro ana tēnei hoahoa ka taea e ngā hau pahūtanga te uru ki roto i te whare. E whakaaro ana hoki ka puta pea i ngā taputapu ehara i te Ex i roto ngā pūtake mura pērā i te wera, i ngā mura rānei. Nō reira, me tūpato te whare i te pēhanga o te pahūtanga o roto.
Ko te ara mura tētahi tikanga haumaru matua i roto i ngā whare ahi Ex d. Ko ngā hononga ā-ringa, pērā i ngā mea i waenganui i te whare ahi me tōna taupoki, ka hanga i tēnei ara. Ko te ara mura te kaiwhakahaere o te tukunga o te pēhanga. Ka tineia ngā mura, ka whakamatao hoki i ngā hau e puta ana. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te mura tuarua i waho o te whare ahi. Ki te pakaru te ara mura, pērā i te pakaru, i te karawarawa rānei, ka kore e whai hua te tiakitanga. Ka tūpono tēnei ka pahū tuarua i waho o te whare ahi.
Ko ngā ariā hou o te tiakitanga Ex d ko ngā panera wete-pēhi me ngā ārai mura. Mā ēnei ka taea te hanga i ngā pakitara angiangi ake, ka whakaiti i te taumaha me te utu. Ka pakaru te panera wete-pēhi i te 0.1 bar g pea. Mā tēnei ka tukuna ngā pānga pahūtanga ki te taiao. I muri i te panera, he tātari i hangaia ki ngā paparanga mata maitai e mahi ana i ētahi mahi haumaru. Ka tineia ngā mura me te whakamatao i ngā hau putanga. Ka marara hoki te pēhanga pahūtanga. Mā tēnei ka whakarite kia puta te pēhanga toenga me ngā hau putanga kua whakamatao i raro i te pāmahana mura-aunoa.
Ko ngā hoahoa Ex d e aro nui ana ki te marara wera. Ka ārai i te wera i puta mai i te tae ki ngā pāmahana mura mō ngā hau, te puehu rānei. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā totohu wera, ngā rauemi kawe wera motuhake, ngā hoahoa rānei e whakarei ake ana i te rere o te hau māori. He mea nui te whiriwhiri rauemi. Ka whiriwhiria e ngā kaihanga ngā rauemi mō tō rātou kaha ki te tu atu i ngā pēhanga pahūtanga o roto. Ka whakaarohia hoki e rātou te ātete ki te waikura me te roa i roto i ngā taiao uaua. Ko ngā rauemi noa ko te konumohe, te maitai kore waikura, me ngā koranu kaha-teitei. Me tutuki i ngā taputapu ngā paerewa tiwhikete pakari. Me tutuki hoki ki ngā ture haumaru o te ao me te rohe. Ka whakahaerehia e ngā tinana tiwhikete he whakamātautau whānui. Ka manatokohia e rātou ngā kaha ātete pahūtanga, tae atu ki te tika o te ara mura me te pakari o te whare. He pai ngā whare ātete mura mō ngā wāhi morearea nui me ngā hau, ngā kohu, ngā kohu rānei i raro i te Rōpū IIA, IIB, me IIC.
Haumaru ā-roto (Ex ia)
Ko te haumaru ā-roto, ko te 'Ex ia' rānei, tētahi atu tikanga tiaki noa. Ka whakawhāiti i te kaha hiko me te kaha wera i roto i te ara iahiko. Mā tēnei ka ārai i ngā mura ahi, i ngā mata wera rānei kei mura i te hau pahū. He iti rawa te mana o ngā taputapu Ex ia. Kāore e taea te whakaputa i te kaha e ranea ana hei mura, ahakoa i raro i ngā āhuatanga hapa. Nā tēnei ka pai mō ngā rohe Rohe 0 me te Rohe 20, kei reira tonu ngā hau pahū.
Te Haumarutanga Whakanuia (Ex e)
Mā te haumaru nui ake, arā, ko te 'Ex e', ka ārai i te mura mā te whakarite kia kore he mura, he mata wera rānei e puta i te wā e mahi noa ana. Ka arotahi tēnei tikanga ki te hanganga pakari me ngā wāhanga kounga teitei. Ka whakamahia he tawhiti me ngā āputa toronga kua whakanuia. Ka whakamahia hoki he whakamarumaru kua whakarei ake me ngā hononga haumaru. Ka āraihia e ngā taputapu Ex e te mura mā te karo i tētahi pūtake mura pea. Kāore he pahūtanga pēnei i a Ex d. Kāore hoki e whakawhāiti i te pūngao pēnei i a Ex ia. Engari, ka ārai i ngā āhuatanga mō te mura kia kore rawa e puta. Ko tēnei tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana i ngā rohe Rohe 1 me te Rohe 2.
Ngā Āhuatanga Matua mō ngā Waea ATEX Hinu me te Hau
E hiahiatia ana ngā taputapu whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me ngā āhuatanga motuhake mō ngā taiao hinu me te hau. Mā ēnei āhuatanga ka noho haumaru, ka roa, ka whai hua hoki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. He mea motuhakeNgā waea ATEXwhakatutuki i ēnei whakaritenga pakari.
Te Parenga Whakauru (Ngā Whakatauranga IP) mō te Pumau
He mea nui ngā whakatauranga Parenga Whakauru (IP) mō ngā waea ATEX. E tautuhia ana ēnei whakatauranga e te paerewa o te ao IEC 60529. E whakarōpūhia ana e te whakatauranga IP te whai huatanga o te tiaki a te pouaka i ngā taputapu hiko. Ka tiaki i ngā matūriki totoka pērā i te puehu, te onepu, ngā taputapu rānei. Ka tiaki hoki i ngā wai pērā i te ua, te tauhiuhi, te pupuhi, te rumaki rānei.
Ko te whakatauranga IP kei roto ko ngā reta 'IP' e whai ake nei ko tētahi waehere mati-rua, hei tauira, IP67. Ko te mati tuatahi e tohu ana i te tiakitanga mai i ngā mea totoka. Ko te mati tuarua e tohu ana i te tiakitanga mai i te makuku. Ko te tikanga o te 'X' kāore he whakamātautau i mahia mō taua kāwai.
Ko te mati tuatahi e tohu ana i te ātete o te pouaka ki ngā mea totoka. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā mea katoa mai i ngā matūriki puehu iti rawa ki ngā mea nunui. Ko te tauine mai i te 1 ki te 6. Ko te Taumata 1 e tohu ana i te tiakitanga taketake. Ko te Taumata 6 e tohu ana i te pouaka kore puehu. Mā tēnei mati ka whakaratohia he mōhiohio whai hua mō te whai huatanga o te tiaki a te pouaka i te urunga mai o ngā mea totoka.
| Mati | Taumata Parenga (Ngā Mea Totoka) | Tauira (Ngā Mea Totoka) |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Kāore he parenga | – |
| 1 | Ngā mea ≥ 50 mm | Te pā o te ringa |
| 2 | Ngā mea ≥ 12.5 mm | Maihao |
| 3 | Ngā mea ≥ 2.5 mm | Ngā taputapu, ngā waea matotoru |
| 4 | Ngā mea ≥ 1 mm | Ngā tīwiri, ngā taputapu iti |
| 5 | Parenga-pūehu | He iti te urunga o te puehu |
| 6 | Pupuhi-ā-pūngoi | Hiri puehu katoa |
Ko te mati tuarua e tohu ana i te ātete o te pouaka ki te urunga mai o te wai. E pā ana tēnei mati ki te ārai i te wai anake. Kāore e uru atu ki ētahi atu wai pērā i te hinu, i te wai whakamatao rānei. Kei waenga i te 0 ki te 8 te whakatauranga. Ko te Taumata 0 e tohu ana kāore he ārai wai. Ko te Taumata 8 e whakaatu ana i tētahi pouaka ārai wai e kaha ana ki te tu atu ki roto i te wai mō te wā roa. E whakamōhio ana tēnei mati i ngā kaiwhakamahi mō te taumata ātete wai e tukuna ana e tētahi pouaka.
| Mati | Taumata Tiaki (Wai) | Whai hua ki ngā (wai) |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Kāore he parenga ki ngā wai/makuku | |
| 1 | Te wai e turuturu ana | Kaua te wai e maturuturu poutū ana e pā kino ki te mea ina whakairihia ki runga i te tēpu hurihuri, ā, ina hurihia i te 1 RPM. |
| 2 | Te maturuturunga o te wai ina whakatītahatia ki te 15° | Kāore he pānga kino o te wai e maturuturu poutū ana ina whakatītahatia te mea i te koki 15° mai i tōna tūranga noa. |
| 3 | Te rehu wai | Kaua te wai e turuturu ana i tētahi koki tae atu ki te 60° mai i te poutū e pā kino, mā te whakamahi i ēnei e whai ake nei: a) he taputapu wiri, b) he pūwero rehu me te ārai taurite. |
| 4 | Te tauhiuhi o te wai | Kaua te wai e tauhiuhi ana ki te mea mai i tētahi taha, e pā kino ki a ia, mā te whakamahi i ēnei e whai ake nei: a) he taputapu wiri, b) he pūwero rehu kāore he parepare. |
| 5 | Ngā pupuhi wai | Ngā pupuhi pēhanga iti |
| 6 | Ngā waka rererangi kaha | Wai pēhanga teitei |
| 7 | Te rumaki rangitahi | Tae atu ki te 1 mita, 30 meneti |
| 8 | Te rumaki tonu | Te hohonu me te wā i tohua e te kaihanga |
| 9K | Ngā pupuhi pēhanga teitei, pāmahana teitei | Te horoi ahumahi |
Mō ngā taiao hinu me te hau, inā koa ngā papa keri i waho o te moana, e taunakihia ana kia whiwhi i te whakatauranga IP68, neke atu rānei. Mā tēnei ka pono te whakamahi i ngā papa mahi mākū, puehu rānei. He maha ngā waea ATEX ahumahi kei a rātou anō ngā whakatauranga taiao IP67 me ngā urunga paipa NPT, ngā momo tiaki IP66 rānei e ai ki te EN60529. Mā ēnei whakatauranga ka taea e te taputapu te tu atu ki ngā āhuatanga kino.
Te Pakari me te Ātete ki te Taiao
He tino uaua ngā āhuatanga o ngā whare hinu me te hau. Me tino pakari, ā, me ātete hoki ki te taiao ngā waea i ēnei wāhi. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaihanga ngā rauemi me ngā tikanga hanga motuhake hei whakatutuki i tēnei.
- Ngā Rauemi mō te Tinana me te Anga:Ka whakaratohia he hanganga pakari e te koranu konumohe ātete-waikura, te maitai kore waikura, te SMC (Sheet Molding Compound), me te konganuku taumaha.
- Ngā Āpitihanga:He pakari ngā ārai, he mea hanga pinepine ki te konumohe whakarewa, ki te maitai kore waikura rānei, ā, kei roto ngā pahūtanga o roto. Ka ārai i ēnei pahūtanga kei mura ngā hau o waho.
- Te hiri:Mā te hiri motuhake, tae atu ki ngā ara mura, ngā hiri arai rānei, ka whakamatao, ka whakamatao hoki i te wera mai i ngā hau e puta ana i te wā o te pahūtanga o roto. Ka ārai hoki i te urunga mai o te puehu, te wai, me ngā matū waikura.
- Haumaru ā-roto:Kua hangaia ngā wāhanga hei whakawhāiti i te kaha hiko i raro i ngā taumata mura mō ngā hau mura, ngā kohu rānei. Mā tēnei ka ārai i ngā mura, i te wera nui rānei.
- Ngā Wāhanga Hiri:Kua hiritia ngā hopuoro, ngā kaikorero, me ngā waea. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te urunga mai o te puehu, te makuku, me ngā matū waikura.
- Ngā Wāhanga Kāore e Pupuhi:Kua whiriwhiria, kua hangaia rānei ia wāhanga o roto kia kaua e mura. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā ara iahiko iti-mana, ngā wāhanga tairongo kua takaihia, ngā pātene, me ngā waea.
- Ngā Waea Pūkoro Pakari:He mea hanga motuhake ngā waea pūkoro kia tū atu ki ngā āhuatanga kino me te tukino tinana.
- Ngā Whakatauranga Taiao:Mā ngā whakatauranga IP66/IP68/IP69K ka ārai i te puehu me te wai. Mā ngā whakatauranga NEMA 4X/6 ka ārai i te urunga mai o te wai, te waikura, me te rukutanga rangitahi.
- Te Parenga Pānga:Mā te parenga pānga IK10 ka mau te manawanui ki ngā pānga ā-tinana.
Mā ēnei kōwhiringa hoahoa ka taea te mahi pono o te waea. Ka tiakina hoki ngā kaimahi i ngā wāhi uaua, ā, ka tūpono pea he morearea.
Ngā Āhuatanga Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero me te Whakaurunga Pūnaha
He āhuatanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero matatau kei roto i ngā waea ATEX hou. Ka hono pai hoki ēnei ki ngā pūnaha o nāianei. Ka whakarei ake tēnei i te whai huatanga o te mahi me te urupare ohorere.
Ka tautokohia e ngā waea whaimana ATEX ngā momo kawa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. He maha ngā tauira e tautoko ana i ngā kawa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero Reo i runga i te IP (VoIP). Kei roto i tēnei ko te Kawa Tīmatanga Wāhanga (SIP). Mā tēnei hototahi ka taea te whakauru ki ngā whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero hou e hangai ana ki te IP. Kei te wātea hoki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-rorohiko mō ngā pūnaha tawhito.
He nui ngā painga o te whakauru i ngā waea ATEX ki ngā pūnaha Public Address and General Alarm (PAGA):
- Te Whakapai Ake i ngā Pūkenga Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero ĀwhatiMā te whakaurunga ka whakapakari ake i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero mō ngā āhuatanga ohorere. Ka whakapāho aunoa te pūnaha PAGA i ngā karere ina tangi te whakaoho. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaimahi ngā waea ATEX hei ripoata i ngā taipitopito, hei tono āwhina rānei. Mā tēnei ka tere te tohatoha i ngā mōhiohio nui.
- Te Whakapai Ake i ngā Tikanga Haumaru me te UrupareMā ngā pūnaha kotahi ka pai ake te haumaru. Ka whakatūpato tonu rātou i ngā tīma motuhake mō tētahi urupare kua whakaritea. Hei tauira, ka whakawāteahia e rātou ngā kaimahi i te wā e turuturu ana te hau. Ka whiwhi tika ngā tīma tiaki i ngā whakatūpato.
- Te Whakatutuki i ngā TureMā te whakauru i ngā pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ka āwhina i ngā whare ki te whakatutuki i ngā ture haumaru tino pakari. Ka whakaatuhia ngā tikanga ohorere pakari ki ngā mana whakahaere. Ka āwhina hoki tēnei ki te karo i ngā whiu.
- Te Whakarei Ake i te Whai Huatanga WhakahaereMā ngā pūnaha whakauru ka whakangawari i ngā mahi o ia rā. Ka tere te ripoata a ngā kaimahi i ngā take mai i ngā wāhi katoa mā te whakamahi i ngā waea ATEX. Ka whakaitihia te wā kore mahi. Ka māmā ake hoki ngā panuitanga o ia rā mā te pūnaha PAGA.
- Te Whakatutuki i te Whai Huatanga Utu mā te WhakaurungaHe utu te whakatūnga tuatahi. Heoi, ka penapena moni te whakaurunga i te roanga o te wā. Ka karohia te hoko i ngā pūnaha motuhake, kāore e hototahi. Ka whakaitihia ngā utu tiaki. Tērā pea he iti ake te whakangungu kaimahi e hiahiatia ana.
He mea nui ēnei otinga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whakauru mō ngā mahi haumaru me te whai hua i roto i ngā taiao hinu me te hau.
Ngā Kōwhiringa Mana me ngā Whakaaro mō te Ora o te Pūhiko
He mea nui te mana pono mō ngā taputapu whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i roto i ngā taiao hinu me te hau. He maha ngā wā kāore i te ngāwari te uru atu ki ngā pūwāhi utu i ēnei wāhi. Nō reira, me whai otinga mana pakari ngā waea kua whakamanahia e ATEX. Me roa ake te ora o te pākahiko. Mā tēnei ka taea te whakahaere tonu i ngā mahi nui me ngā āhuatanga ohorere.
Ko te kaha o te pākahiko te mea nui mō ngā taputapu kawe. Mō te whakamahinga whānui, he iti rawa te kaha o te pākahiko o te 4000mAh. He maha ngā waea pūkoro pakari o waho e 10,000mAh, neke atu rānei te kaha o ēnei pākahiko nui ake. Ka roa ake te wā mahi a ēnei pākahiko nui ake.
Ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te tumanako ka rerekē te mahi a te pākahiko i runga i ngā tauira whakamahinga. Kei te ripanga e whai ake nei ngā tumanakohanga noa:
| Āhuatanga | Awhe/Tumanako |
|---|---|
| Te kaha o te pākahiko | 4000–10000 mah |
| Wā Tūpato | Tae atu ki te 72+ hāora |
| Whakamahinga Taurite | 48–72 hāora |
| Te Whakamahinga Nui | He rā katoa |
| Te Whakamahinga Tonu | He maha ngā rā (mō ētahi tauira neke atu i te 5000 mAh) |
He maha ngā āhuatanga e whai wāhi ana ki te roa o te ora o te pākahiko o ēnei taputapu motuhake. He mea hanga ēnei waea e ngā kaihanga kia tino whai hua.
- He nui ake te kaha o ngā pākahiko kaha-nui, mai i te 5,000mAh ki te 10,000mAh, i ērā o ngā waea atamai noa.
- Mā ngā tukatuka penapena-pūngao, he maha ngā wā he hou, he iti te mana o ngā maramara, ka nui ake te whai huatanga o te pākahiko.
- Kei roto i ngā pūmanawa kua arotauhia ngā aratau penapena hiko me te kanapa urutau. Ka whakaitihia e ēnei āhuatanga te whakapaunga hiko.
- Ko ngā aratau penapena-hiko, ngā tukatuka whai hua, me ngā whakaaturanga iti-hiko e whai wāhi ana ki te roa o te wā whakahaere.
- Ka tautokohia e ētahi waeine ngā pākahiko whakawhiti-wera. Mā tēnei ka taea te whakahaere tonu. Ka taea e ngā kaimahi te whakakapi i te pākahiko kua pau me te kore e whakaweto i te mana o te taputapu. He mea nui tēnei āhuatanga mō ngā huringa mahi tonu me ngā wāhi tawhiti.
Mā te whiriwhiri i te kōwhiringa hiko tika ka noho tonu te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i te wā e tino hiahiatia ana. Ka pā tika tēnei ki te haumaru me te haere tonu o ngā mahi i ngā wāhi morearea.
Kōwhiringa Rautaki o tō Waea ATEX
Me āta whakaaroaro te whiriwhiri i te taputapu whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tika mō ngā taiao morearea. Me whai whakaaro ngā pakihi ki ngā āhuatanga maha. Mā tēnei ka whakarite i te haumaru, te whai huatanga, me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga.
Te Aromatawai i ngā Hiahia Whakahaere me te Taiao
Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi waea ATEX ka tīmata mā te aromatawai hōhonu. Me mārama ngā pakihi ki ā rātou hiahia whakahaere me te taiao. Ka tautuhia e rātou ngā rohe morearea ka whakahaerehia ai te waea. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā whakarōpūtanga hau me te puehu, ngā akomanga pāmahana, me ngā taumata tiaki taputapu. Ka whakaarohia hoki e rātou ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā pāmahana tino nui, te haumākū, ngā matū waikura, me te kaha o te pānga ā-tinana.
Muri iho, ka arotakehia e ngā pakihi ngā whakaritenga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. Ka whakatauhia e rātou mēnā me whakawhitiwhiti reo, me whakawhiti raraunga, me ngā mea e rua rānei. Ka whakaarohia hoki e rātou te whakaurunga ki ngā pūnaha o nāianei pēnei i te Public Address and General Alarm (PAGA). He pānga anō hoki tō te tokomaha o ngā kaiwhakamahi me te rohe kapinga e hiahiatia ana. Mā te mārama ki ēnei taipitopito ka āwhina i te whakataurite i ngā āhuatanga o te waea ki te mahi.
Te Kōwhiringa Kaihoko me te Pono o te Hua
Te whiriwhiri i tētahikaihoko ponohe mea nui rawa atu mō ngā otinga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ATEX. Me rapu ngā pakihi i ngā kaihanga he pakari ā rātou mahi. Ka arotakehia e rātou ngā kaihoko i runga i ētahi paearu matua.
Tuatahi, he mea nui ngā tiwhikete tutuki i ngā whakaritenga. Kei te kaihoko rongonui ngā tiwhikete pēnei i te ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU. Kei a rātou anō te ISO 9001 mō te whakahaere kounga me te ISO 80079 mō ngā hau pahū. Ko ētahi atu tohu nui ko te CE, NRTL, me te Tohu Hapori motuhake ('Ex' i roto i te hexagon). Mō ngā taputapu i roto i ngā Rohe 0 me te 1, ka arotakehia te hua e te Rōpū Whakamōhiotia. Kei roto i tēnei ko te Tiwhikete Momo EU me te Arotake Kounga (QAN). E whakaatu ana ēnei tiwhikete i te piripono ki ngā paerewa haumaru me te kounga tino pakari.
Tuarua, ka whakaarohia e ngā pakihi te utu katoa o te mana whakahaere (TCO). Ehara i te mea ko te utu hoko tuatahi anake tēnei. Ka arotakehia e rātou ngā utu tiaki, te pakari, me te āheinga whakapai ake. Ko ngā hua e tutuki ana i ngā tiwhikete haumaru teitei ake he roa ake te ora i roto i ngā taiao uaua. Ko te hokinga mai o te haumitanga (ROI) mō te wā roa ka puta mai i te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi me te iti o ngā whakapaunga tiaki. He tukanga tonu te tutuki i ngā ture. Ka whanake haere ngā paerewa, me te hiahia kia whakahoutia tonutia me kia whakahoutia anō. E whakaatu ana tēnei i te hiahia mō te tautoko kaihoko mō te wā roa.
Tuatoru, me tuku e ngā kaihoko he tautoko kiritaki pakari me te ratonga muri-hoko. Kei roto i tēnei ko te āwhina hangarau e wātea ana mō te tāutanga me te rapurongoā. He mea nui anō hoki ngā kaupapa here pūtāhui mārama me ngā ratonga whakatika whai hua. Mā te urunga atu ki ngā wāhanga e toe ana ka roa te tiaki. Ka whakaitihia e ngā kaiwhakarato pono te wā kore mahi. He maha ā rātou kaupapa whakangungu mō ngā kaimahi kiritaki. Me arotake e ngā pakihi ngā whakaaturanga me ngā rangahau take. Ka tukuna e ēnei rauemi he tirohanga whai hua ki te mahi a te kaiwhakarato me te whai huatanga o te hua. Ka whakaatuhia hoki e rātou te pai o te kiritaki.
Te Tāutanga, te Tiaki, me te Tautoko
He mea nui te tāutanga tika me te tiaki tonu mō ngā waea ATEX. Mā ēnei ka whakarite kia haumaru te mahi me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga mō te wā roa.
Me whai kaimahi whai tohu te tāutanga. Me whai whakangungu ture ATEX te hunga e tāuta ana i ngā taputapu. Ka whai rātou i ngā tohutohu tāutanga taipitopito i whakaratohia e te kaihanga. Mā ngā tikanga whenua me te here tika ka ārai i te hanga hiko pateko. Me whai tiwhikete ATEX ngā taputapu katoa, tae atu ki ngā waea. Mā tēnei ka whakaitihia ngā mōrearea mura. E mārama ana ngā kaiwhakauru ki ngā whakaritenga rohe. Ka whakarōpūhia e rātou ngā wāhi morearea hei whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu me te taumata tiaki tika. Ka whakatinanahia hoki e rātou ngā mātāpono hoahoa haumaru ā-roto. Ka whakawhāitihia e tēnei te kaha hiko me te wera i roto i ngā ara iahiko. Ka āraihia e tēnei te mura, inā koa i roto i ngā taiao morearea nui. Ka whai ngā kaiwhakauru i ngā aratohu mō te whakatakotoranga tika, te ātea, me te aronga. Ka whakarite rātou i te waea tika mā te whakamahi i ngā momo taura me ngā rahi kua tohua. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te mura, te wera nui rānei. Ka whakaarohia hoki e rātou ngā āhuatanga taiao pēnei i te pāmahana, te haumākū, ngā matū waikura rānei. I muri i te tāutanga, ka whakaū te whakamātautau pūnaha tino pai i te mahi a ngā wāhanga katoa e ai ki te tumanako.
Mā te tiaki auau ka mau tonu te haumaru. Ka whakatū ngā pakihi i ngā wā tirotiro auau, ā, ka piri pūmau ki ēnei. Ka whakahaerehia ēnei tirotiro e ngā kaimahi whai tohu. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā tirotiro tirohanga, ngā whakamātautau mahi, me ngā whakamātautau kore-whakangaro. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaimahi horoi me ngā kaimahi ārai auau ngā kaihoko me ngā tikanga kua whakaaetia. Ka whakakorea ngā poke, ka ārai hoki i te pakaru me te haehae. Ka pupuri ngā pakihi i ngā tuhinga taipitopito o ngā tiaki, ngā tirotiro, me ngā whakatikatika katoa. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga, te whakaritenga, me ngā māramatanga mahi. Me whakahaere tonu te pūmanawa me te pūmanawa i ngā putanga hou. Ka whakarei ake tēnei i te haumarutanga me te mahi. Me whakakapi tonu ngā wāhanga kua pakaru ki ngā wāhanga taketake o te kaihanga. Ka mau tonu te pono me te haumaru o te taputapu. Ka whiwhi whakangungu tika ngā kaiwhakahaere me ngā kaimahi katoa. Ka hipokina e tēnei ngā tawhā whakahaere, ngā tikanga haumaru, me te urupare ohorere.
Ko ngā mahi tiaki ko:
- Tirotiro TirohangaTirohia mēnā he kino ā-tinana, he waikura, he hononga koretake, me te hiri tika. Me whakarite kia mārama te pānui i ngā tapanga me ngā tohu katoa.
- Whakamātautau MahiManatokohia te mahi tika o ngā mahi katoa a te pūrere. Kei roto i tēnei ko te tirotiro i ngā pātene, ngā whakaaturanga, ngā pūoko, me ngā waeine whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
- Tirotiro Hauora PūhikoAroturukihia te roa o te pākahiko, ngā huringa utu, me te mahi whānui. Whakakapia ngā pākahiko kia rite ki te taunakitanga.
- Ngā Whakahōutanga Pūmanawa/PūmanawaWhakahōu i ngā pūmanawa me ngā pūmanawa o te pūrere i ia wā kia pai ai te mahi, te haumarutanga, me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga.
- Te horoiHoroia ngā taputapu mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga kua whakaaetia hei ārai i te putunga ka pā kino ki te haumaru.
- WhakarerekētangaWhakatikatikahia ngā pūoko me ngā taputapu ine i ia wā, i ia wā, kia mau tonu ai te tika.
- Arotake TuhingaPuritia ngā tuhinga taipitopito o ngā mahi tiaki katoa.
- Ngā Tirotiro TaiaoMe whakarite kia mahi ngā taputapu i roto i ngā āhuatanga taiao kua tohua.
- Tirotiro TaputapuTirohia ngā rihi, ngā taura, me ngā pouaka mō ngā pakaru.
- Whakangungu KaimahiMe whakarite kia whakangungua tika ngā kaimahi katoa ki te whakamahi i ngā taputapu me te haumaru.
E hangai ana ēnei mahi ki ngā paerewa pēnei i te IEC 60079-17 mō te tirotiro me te tiaki. E whai ana hoki i te IEC 60079-14 mō te whiriwhiri me te tāutanga. E whakamārama ana te IEC 60079-19 i ngā tikanga whakatika. E whakarato ana te NFPA 70 (NEC) i ngā aratohu US mō ngā wāhi morearea.
Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi waea ATEX me āta whakaaroaro ki ngā rohe morearea, ngā tawhā tiaki, me ngā āhuatanga nui. Mā te haumi ki ngā pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga me te pono ka puta he painga nui mō te wā roa. Kei roto i ēnei ko te haumaru ake, te whai huatanga o te mahi, me te piri ki ngā ture. Mō ngā otinga kua whakaritea me ngā aratohu a te tohunga, kōrero ki ngā tohunga pēnei i a Joiwo. Ka whakaratohia e rātou he pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ahumahi whānui kua hangaia mō ngā taiao uaua.
Ngā Pātai Auau
He aha te tikanga o te tiwhikete ATEX?
E whakaatu ana te tiwhikete ATEX e tutuki ana ngā taputapu i ngā paerewa haumaru o te EU mō ngā hau pahū. Mā tēnei ka whakarite kia kore ngā taputapu pēnei i te waea e mura i ngā wāhi morearea. Mā tēnei ka tiakina ngā kaimahi, ka ārai hoki i ngā aituā.
He aha te hiranga o ngā waea ATEX mō te hinu me te hau?
He hau mura me te puehu ngā wāhi hinu me te hau. Ka ārai ngā waea ATEX i ngā mura, i te wera rānei ka puta ai he pahūtanga. Ka whakarite i te haumaru o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, he mea nui mō ngā mahi o ia rā me ngā āhuatanga ohorere.
He aha te whakatauranga IP i runga i te waea ATEX?
Ko te whakatauranga IP e tohu ana i te parenga o te waea mai i ngā mea totoka me ngā wai. Hei tauira, ko te IP67 te tikanga he ātete ki te puehu, ā, ka taea te tu atu ki te rumaki wā poto ki te wai. Mā tēnei ka roa te mau i roto i ngā taiao uaua.
Me pēhea te ārai a ngā waea ATEX i ngā pahūtanga?
Ka whakamahia e ngā waea ATEX ngā tikanga pēnei i ngā ārai mura (Ex d) me te haumaru ā-roto (Ex ia). Kei roto i te Ex d ngā pahūtanga i roto i te taputapu. Ka whakawhāitihia e te Ex ia te pūngao hei ārai i ngā mura. Ka aukatihia e ēnei tikanga te mura.
Ka taea e ngā waea ATEX te hono atu ki ētahi atu pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero?
Ae, he maha ngā waea ATEX e tautoko anaNgā kawa VoIP pēnei i te SIPKa taea e rātou te whakauru atu ki ngā pūnaha Whakaoho ā-Iwi me te Whakaoho Whānui (PAGA). Ka whakarei ake tēnei i te urupare ohorere me te whai huatanga o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whānui i te papaanga.
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Wā tuku: Hanuere-14-2026